{"id":5500,"date":"2023-01-05T16:11:13","date_gmt":"2023-01-05T22:11:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/?p=5500"},"modified":"2023-01-15T22:03:12","modified_gmt":"2023-01-16T04:03:12","slug":"singing-billy-harper-ii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/singing-billy-harper-ii\/","title":{"rendered":"Singing Through the Horn: A Conversation with Billy Harper (Part Two)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>We continue our conversation with the great Billy Harper by discussing the beginning of his professional career in New York, his work with Lee Morgan and Gil Evans, the representation of Black artists in popular culture, and his compositional process. You can check out part one of the interview <a href=\"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/singing-billy-harper-i\/\">here<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PostGenre: A little earlier, you mentioned musicians leaving Texas after they graduated from college. Where did most of these musicians go?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Billy Harper: Most went to California.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: You went to New York. Why not California like so many others?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>BH: It was the music. My uncle had me listening to jazz music when I was little, and all those musicians I listened to were in New York. I knew that was the place I had to go to develop further in the music.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: So, you moved to New York in 1966. In those days, the New York metro area had about eleven times the population of the Houston metro area. It must have been quite an adjustment. Is it true that on only your second day in New York someone robbed you of everything you had, except for your horn?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>BH: <em>[Laughing] <\/em>Oh, you heard that one, huh? Yeah, it is true. I guess that was my introduction to New York. It was a very raw place. It was a jungle of sorts, and I had to adjust.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_fL4g3FrBWXw\"><div id=\"lyte_fL4g3FrBWXw\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/fL4g3FrBWXw\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/fL4g3FrBWXw\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/fL4g3FrBWXw\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_NhSRqfpFnr0\"><div id=\"lyte_NhSRqfpFnr0\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/NhSRqfpFnr0\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/NhSRqfpFnr0\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/NhSRqfpFnr0\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: But it seems, musically, you found what you were seeking. The first group you worked with in New York was a band with Elvin Jones, Freddie Hubbard, McCoy Tyner, and Reggie Workman.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>BH: That\u2019s right.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: That is a heck of a group to start with.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>BH: I was just lucky enough to be chosen to be on a special TV show back then called \u2018The Big Apple.\u2019 The show interviewed various people &#8211; a model, an actor, a business person, and a musician. I was chosen as the musician, had the chance to pick the group to work with, and selected that group.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: Were the other musicians people you had listened to recordings of back in Houston?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>BH: Not particularly. Sometimes I heard them, but when I was coming up, their music didn\u2019t connect with me as much as some of the more local musicians. The big guys in Houston were like Don Wilkerson and Dick Lillie, who we called \u201cDickie Boy.\u201d I also listened to some of the big guys in Dallas, like James Clay.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_fJWgcbmAQEw\"><div id=\"lyte_fJWgcbmAQEw\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/fJWgcbmAQEw\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/fJWgcbmAQEw\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/fJWgcbmAQEw\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_N7Hty6_6Ypk\"><div id=\"lyte_N7Hty6_6Ypk\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/N7Hty6_6Ypk\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/N7Hty6_6Ypk\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/N7Hty6_6Ypk\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: By 1967, you started working with Gil Evans, something you would continue for several years. As a composer yourself, how do you feel your experience with Evans shaped your compositional approach? <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>BH: Gil would sometimes take a solo I played, transcribe it, and turn it into a song. Of course, I felt very encouraged by that. Gil understood and heard me. He really heard me, which helped quite a bit in getting the confidence to write my own music.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_ALd1Yuq1k0k\"><div id=\"lyte_ALd1Yuq1k0k\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/ALd1Yuq1k0k\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/ALd1Yuq1k0k\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/ALd1Yuq1k0k\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: When you are composing, do you usually start with improvisation and build something around it<\/strong> <strong>as Evans did?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>BH: Sometimes. And sometimes, my pieces just come out of the blue. When that happens, I write it down if it sounds special to me and then further develop it later.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: Is there one of your compositions that you are particularly proud of?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>BH: No. I can\u2019t think of them in that sense because sometimes it seems as though the music comes from above to me, and then I write it down. Each time that happens, it is very special to me.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_4MpzqIiIeOQ\"><div id=\"lyte_4MpzqIiIeOQ\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/4MpzqIiIeOQ\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/4MpzqIiIeOQ\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/4MpzqIiIeOQ\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: In terms of the music coming down to you, <a href=\"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/sonny-rollins-i\/\">Sonny Rollins has stated that he is the conduit of music coming from a higher power<\/a>. Do you see music that way as well?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>BH: Yeah, I see something like that. I feel like there&#8217;s a connection to a message in the music that I&#8217;m supposed to express. I feel like I&#8217;m supposed to say something about the music to the listeners who want to hear it.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: Do you find new things in your compositions when you revisit them years later? For instance, playing \u201cDance, Eternal Spirits, Dance!\u201d [<em>Black Saint<\/em> (Black Saint, 1975)] with the Cookers [<em>Time and Time Again<\/em> (Motema, 2014)].<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>BH: Definitely. Some of the songs I&#8217;ve written before sound kind of new to me when I play them again because I haven\u2019t played them in such a long time. And even songs I\u2019ve played recently with the Cookers sound new to me when I play them with my own band.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_K_cD7jLXPNk\"><div id=\"lyte_K_cD7jLXPNk\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/K_cD7jLXPNk\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/K_cD7jLXPNk\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/K_cD7jLXPNk\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_7PlaiGBFQQE\"><div id=\"lyte_7PlaiGBFQQE\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/7PlaiGBFQQE\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/7PlaiGBFQQE\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/7PlaiGBFQQE\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: Jumping ahead a few years from when you started with Evans, you worked with Lee Morgan in the early 1970s. You were even on the stage with him at Slugs when he died. What enjoy most about working with Morgan?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>BH: Well, I remember when I was starting on the horn I had heard about Lee Morgan and how he was the new thing in New York. I felt lucky to have had him ask me to play with him. He was the young hopping guy, and it was great to play with him.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_Qkb_HmOfVN4\"><div id=\"lyte_Qkb_HmOfVN4\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/Qkb_HmOfVN4\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/Qkb_HmOfVN4\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/Qkb_HmOfVN4\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: You and Morgan, along with several other artists, were also part of the Jazz and People\u2019s Movement, which was dedicated to improving the representation of Black artists on television. Do you feel the representation of Black artists has at all improved in the last fifty or so years?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>BH: Maybe a little, but there has not been a significant improvement. We musicians could be doing a whole lot more. I think the general public does not get a chance to hear the music. They&#8217;re not exposed to it, so they have no idea whether they like the music. They have a different perception of what jazz is and, based on that, assume it is not for them.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: Why do you think that is?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>BH: Just how people are brought up in this country, I suppose. Jazz is mainly created by Black musicians, and people being more removed from cultural exposure is what keeps them from being into the music starting at an early point in their lives. It is a continued effect of segregation, I suppose.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: Does that tie into why you have spent so much time in Europe and why so many of your recordings are for European labels?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>BH: I suppose so, yeah. Without thinking about it, European audiences seem much more open to the music because they can go directly to the music. There is less having to grapple with the stereotypes and the racial problems existing in the US when you are trying to access the music.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_DOONEoWLmWw\"><div id=\"lyte_DOONEoWLmWw\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/DOONEoWLmWw\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/DOONEoWLmWw\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/DOONEoWLmWw\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: One of those albums you made in Europe that stands out is <em>Black Saint <\/em>(Black Saint, 1975). How did that recording come together?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>BH: At the time I was playing in a lot of countries across Europe, and someone forming a record company came to one of my shows and asked if I had any music I wanted to record. I don\u2019t know how they came up with the name \u2018Black Saint,\u2019 but they named the album that first, then gave the name to the whole company.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: Another of your excellent albums from the early to mid-70s, albeit for an American label, was <em>Capra Black<\/em> (Strata-East, 1973). In general, you made a lot of great music during the 1970s, an era during which neo-traditionalists claim that jazz was \u201cdead.\u201d Do you have any thoughts on the supposed death of jazz?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>BH: Yeah, it never died. I never felt that way about the music. I think what happened was that those people who could have promoted the music back then often didn\u2019t for one reason or another. But the music never died. The musicians lived, and the listeners did too. That connection between artists and the audience was always alive. And it still lives.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_Xdrd5an_dIk\"><div id=\"lyte_Xdrd5an_dIk\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/Xdrd5an_dIk\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/Xdrd5an_dIk\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/Xdrd5an_dIk\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p><strong>Billy Harper\u2019s 80th Birthday Celebration will take place at SMOKE Jazz Club in New York from January 5, 2023 to January 8, 2023. His group for the shows will include Josh Evans, Benito Gonzales, Lonnie Plaxico, and Billy Hart. More information on the concerts <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instantseats.com\/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.artist&amp;VenueID=291&amp;artistid=8052\">can be found here.<\/a><br \/><br \/>More information on Harper can be found <a href=\"https:\/\/www.billyharper.info\/?fbclid=IwAR1TLB59IegUtsJbb59qPAg3rmz4bdUHvr2wYmGsLkWvJPeoRNA9e-rV7W4\">on his website.<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>We continue our conversation with the great Billy Harper by discussing the beginning of his professional career in New York, his work with Lee Morgan and Gil Evans, the representation of Black artists in popular culture, and his compositional process. You can check out part one of the interview here. PostGenre: A little earlier, you [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5506,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"iawp_total_views":125,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[582],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5500","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-interviews"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Billy-Harper.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/peRkRR-1qI","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":5473,"url":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/singing-billy-harper-i\/","url_meta":{"origin":5500,"position":0},"title":"Singing Through the Horn: A Conversation with Billy Harper (Part One)","author":"Rob Shepherd","date":"December 31, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"The lineage of jazz has long drawn upon ideas from gospel music, whether Louis Armstrong\u2019s presentation of spirituals or Duke Ellington's or Mary Lou Williams\u2019 sacred music compositions. However, to some, the connection between faith-based songs and contemporary improvised music seems more tenuous. Artists are more likely to find a\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Interviews&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Interviews","link":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/category\/interviews\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/bily-harper-e1636038607799-1350x1276-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/bily-harper-e1636038607799-1350x1276-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/bily-harper-e1636038607799-1350x1276-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/bily-harper-e1636038607799-1350x1276-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/bily-harper-e1636038607799-1350x1276-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":8484,"url":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/david-murray-francesca\/","url_meta":{"origin":5500,"position":1},"title":"Pass Everything in My Soul: A Conversation with David Murray on &#8216;Francesca&#8217;","author":"Rob Shepherd","date":"May 19, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"The love song is one of the oldest and most primal forms of musical expression, dating back to ancient Greece, if not earlier. Charles Darwin even theorized that the love song was the first form of human musical expression. Of course, the emphasis on romance in songs has continued to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Interviews&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Interviews","link":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/category\/interviews\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/David-Murray-Band_FULL_LG1.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/David-Murray-Band_FULL_LG1.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/David-Murray-Band_FULL_LG1.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/David-Murray-Band_FULL_LG1.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5556,"url":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/harlem-hellfighter-moran-i\/","url_meta":{"origin":5500,"position":2},"title":"Harlem Hellfighter: A Conversation with Jason Moran on James Reese Europe (Part One)","author":"Rob Shepherd","date":"January 29, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The passage of time can leave the legacy of important figures underrecognized. For every figure like Duke Ellington, Charlie Parker, or John Coltrane who remains indelibly etched in our collective consciousness, dozens more have furthered the music in significant ways yet too often remain overlooked in the history books. One\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Interviews&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Interviews","link":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/category\/interviews\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/a1571096854_10.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/a1571096854_10.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/a1571096854_10.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/a1571096854_10.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/a1571096854_10.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5211,"url":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/roots-infinity-harrison-ii\/","url_meta":{"origin":5500,"position":3},"title":"Roots to Infinity: A Conversation with Donald Harrison, Jr. (Part Two)","author":"Rob Shepherd","date":"November 18, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"We continue our conversation with NEA Jazz Master Donald Harrison, Jr. (read part one here) by digging into Mardi Gras Indians, Dr. John, Miles Davis, The Notorious BIG, and more. PostGenre: Keeping with the topic of New Orleans tribal culture, one of your prior albums, Indian Blues (BMG, 1992), digs\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Interviews&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Interviews","link":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/category\/interviews\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/DH-Jr-in-2013-by-Ryan-Hodgson-Rigsbee-e1529444791406.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/DH-Jr-in-2013-by-Ryan-Hodgson-Rigsbee-e1529444791406.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/DH-Jr-in-2013-by-Ryan-Hodgson-Rigsbee-e1529444791406.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/DH-Jr-in-2013-by-Ryan-Hodgson-Rigsbee-e1529444791406.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":3219,"url":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/changing-molecules-steven-bernstein-1\/","url_meta":{"origin":5500,"position":4},"title":"Changing Molecules: A Conversation with Steven Bernstein (Part One)","author":"Rob Shepherd","date":"August 31, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Since arriving in New York over forty years ago, Steven Bernstein has established himself as a powerful voice in music. One commonality across most of his work has been a consistent refusal to be boxed into a particular style or approach. 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Some have even ventured to call him \u201cthe greatest living improviser.\u201d Critics and those in the music industry seemingly concur. 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