{"id":6962,"date":"2023-10-01T22:33:15","date_gmt":"2023-10-02T03:33:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/?p=6962"},"modified":"2023-10-02T07:59:26","modified_gmt":"2023-10-02T12:59:26","slug":"hearing-voices-george-lewis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/hearing-voices-george-lewis\/","title":{"rendered":"Hearing Voices: A Conversation with George Lewis"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>While many organizations present contemporary classical music, the International Contemporary Ensemble has stood out since its founding twenty-two years ago. The Ensemble\u2019s success has come largely due to its stated goal of cultivating a musical ecosystem that honors diversity while focusing on equity, belonging, and cultural responsiveness. The organization\u2019s openness and consideration of all musical ideas starkly contrast a status quo that often marginalizes or outright ignores the compositional thoughts of anyone other than a white man. Emphasizing increased inclusiveness and diversity allows the Ensemble to present more compelling pieces than most. This ethos also partly explains the group\u2019s April 2022 selection of George Lewis as its most recent Artistic Director. Although all previous holders of the designation came from artists within the Ensemble\u2019s ranks, Lewis &#8211; a composer at the front lines of musical decolonization and representation of Afrodiasporic voices &#8211; was a natural choice for the role despite his outsider status. Indeed, the Ensemble\u2019s performance <a href=\"https:\/\/roulette.org\/event\/george-lewis-hearing-voices\/\" title=\"\">at Roulette Intermedium on October 5, 2023<\/a>, <em>George Lewis: Hearing Voices<\/em>, is built upon the composer\u2019s continued explorations of how decolonized music may sound.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Hearing Voices <\/em>will consist of five pieces. The first, \u2018Melodies for Miles\u2019, is a violin solo performance Lewis debuted last year, partly to honor his friend and gifted violinist Miles Hoffman. Following \u2018Melodies for Miles\u2019 will be three pieces incorporating written texts. The first, \u2018a whispered nine\u2019, finds a soprano vocalist, flute, guitar, viola, and percussion utilizing the work of cultural theorist, poet, and scholar Fred Moten. The following \u2018Apis\u2019 uses the lower and darker sounds of baritone vocals, clarinet\/bass clarinet, trumpet in C, and trombone to examine the works of the Language poetry movement founding figure, Lyn Hejinan. In its US debut, the last in the trilogy, \u2018H.narrans,\u2019 will find contralto voice, clarinet\/bass clarinet, trumpet in c, percussion, violin, and double bass incorporating the works of Sylvia Wynter, the novelist, dramatist, critic, philosopher, and essayist who has long tried to unsettle the \u201coverrepresentation of Man.\u201d The evening will conclude with a presentation of \u2018Creative Construction Set\u2122\u2019; open improvisation guided by the musicians\u2019 use of instruction cards.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One should also be mindful of the title \u2018Creative Construction Set\u2122\u2019 itself. It harkens to the Creative Construction Company, an early group of the incomparable Association for the Advancement of Creative Musicians (AACM). The ties between Lewis\u2019 contemporary classical works and the AACM should be unsurprising to anyone familiar with the composer\u2019s history. Lewis himself was a pupil of AACM co-founder, Muhal Richard Abrams and remains a member of the organization. He\u2019s also written <em>A Power Stronger Than Itself: The AACM and American Experimental Music<\/em> (University of Chicago Press, 2007), one of the finest studies on the organization. Actually, Lewis &#8211; Edwin H. Case Professor of American Music, Composition &amp; Historical Musicology at Columbia University for almost twenty years &#8211; has several excellent scholarly works to his credit. Such contributions include the recently released <em>Composing While Black: Afrodiasporische Neue Musik Heute \/ Afrodiasporic New Music Today<\/em> (Volke Verlag, 2023), a critically significant collection of essays on the topic, for which Lewis served as co-editor. Lewis himself likely deserves recognition in such a book, given his long &#8211; and continued &#8211; history of creating music &#8211; including his pioneering work in Computer Music &#8211; that is often still ahead of its time.&nbsp;His forward-thinking mindset is also evident in the composer&#8217;s first opera, <em>Afterword: An Opera in Two Acts, <\/em>a provocative work inspired by the AACM. A recording of the opera<a href=\"https:\/\/newfocusrecordings.bandcamp.com\/album\/afterword-an-opera-in-two-acts\" title=\"\"> will be released on New Focus Recordings<\/a> a day after <em>Hearing Voices. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We are honored to have interviewed Professor Lewis via email on <em>Hearing Voices, <\/em>musical decolonization, and more. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PostGenre: What interested you in becoming Artistic Director of the International Contemporary Ensemble and what do you feel you have learned the most from serving in that capacity?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>George Lewis: Beginning with my two years at the Kitchen in New York in 1980-81, I have found curation to be a crucial site for fostering the kind of change I want to see in the various creative communities I\u2019ve been part of over the years. More recently, curating the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ensemble-modern.com\/en\/projects\/vielfalt-erleben-202\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ensemble Modern Afromodernism<\/a>&nbsp;concerts in 2020-21, during the pandemic, brought me to a place where I have been able to advocate across Europe for the decolonization of one of my several fields, contemporary classical music. This led directly to my articles, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.on-curating.org\/issue-44-reader\/a-small-act-of-curation.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A Small Act of Curation<\/a>\u201d and \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.van-outernational.com\/lewis-en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">New Music Decolonization in Eight Difficult Steps<\/a>,\u201d and perhaps most importantly, my bilingual German-English co-edited book with Dr. Harald Kisiedu,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wolke-verlag.de\/musikbuecher\/harald-kisiedu-george-lewis-composing-while-black\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Composing While Black: Afrodiasporic New Music Today<\/em><\/a>, which we saw as a guide to combating the sensory deprivation and devolution of the field that results from not hearing Afrodiasporic voices. I felt that much more than most ensembles, ICE\u2019s musicians, staff, and board were&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/iceorg.org\/commitment-to-equity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">well aware of the stakes&nbsp;<\/a>involved in changing the identity matrix of new music and had already been taking steps over the past few years in doing so. Also, the organization helped me so much in reconceiving my own identity back in 2010, when I first started working with them. As for what I have learned the most? That decolonization starts at home.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG:<\/strong> <strong>\u2018Melodies for Miles\u2019 is dedicated to your old college roommate,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2023\/08\/29\/1196521000\/remembering-classical-music-commentator-miles-hoffman-who-died-at-71\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Miles Hoffman<\/a>. Among other things, Hoffman introduced you to the existence of the Afrodiasporic contemporary composer when he was working on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/soundcloud.com\/alvinsingleton\/mestizo-ii-1970-for-orchestra\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Alvin Singleton\u2019s Mestizo II<\/a>.  Do you feel the fact it was through Hoffman, or as you call him, &#8220;Mike&#8221; &#8211; a white musician &#8211; that you first learned of Afrodiasporic contemporary composers despite having your own interest in the field and being a musician reflects how marginalized those composers\u2019 contributions have been, at least at that time?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: I don\u2019t remember Mike saying, \u201cYou gotta hear this black composer.\u201d He was talking about the music. He thought I would like it\u2014maybe even more than he did. I was the one who was surprised when Alvin came out to take the bows. As for all that black\/white stuff, you learn where you learn, and hopefully, you do learn something.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: The aim of \u2018Melodies for Miles\u2019 has been not to emphasize the era in which you learned about the tradition of Western classical violin but <a href=\"https:\/\/www.broadwayworld.com\/article\/International-Contemporary-Ensemble-to-Perform-at-TIMESPANS-Festival-in-August-20220727\" title=\"\">to reconnect you, Mike, and Alvin Singleton in the real-time of listening.\u00a0<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: Well, sort of\u2014but not really. Johnny Gandelsman got to know Mike, and had the idea of co-commissioning a solo work in his honor. We knew that Mike was ill, and we really wanted him to have this honor.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-vimeo wp-block-embed-vimeo wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"George Lewis - Melodies for Miles [2022] | International Contemporary Ensemble\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/783317681?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG:<\/strong> <strong>When you premiered the piece in 2022, all three of you were living but Mike passed away earlier this summer. Do you feel his death changes the piece or how you approach it at all?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: In the end, Johnny wasn\u2019t able to give the premiere, so Josh Modney did it, and Mike got to see the video. He said, \u201cWow, that Josh Modney can really play!\u201d And it turned out that Josh had heard Mike play when he was just starting out as a violinist. So on multiple levels, for Johnny, Josh, and me, the goal of the piece was to honor Mike, and now we have a piece that helps keep the memory of Mike\u2019s music-making alive.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG:  What do you feel is the most significant misconception about Afrodiasporic contemporary composers?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: The main misconception is that&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/07\/03\/arts\/music\/black-composers-classical-music.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Afrodiasporic contemporary composers do not exist<\/a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: <em>Composing While Black<\/em> focuses primarily on great living contemporary composers. Many, myself included, would place you in that category, including for your work with computer music. Now that we are at an age where AI is an ever more present force, people are increasingly analyzing works like <em>Voyager<\/em>. Do you feel the increased attention is primarily because of advancements in technology since those earlier works or is it due to an increased awareness of Black composers more generally?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: I\u2019m sure that&nbsp;<em>Voyager<\/em>, the computer music piece\/system with which I have been most often associated, has benefited from the rise in awareness of AI\u2014the promises and the pitfalls. We had an&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=gteMJiucbzk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">excellent concert with Ensemble Signal<\/a>&nbsp;and Nicole Mitchell recently in which&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/08\/22\/arts\/music\/time-spans-voyager.html?unlocked_article_code=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACEIPuomT1JKd6J17Vw1cRCfTTMQmqxCdw_PIxftm3iWka3DFDmwYiO0PH5PH_lrWZKEke9o20nGAXNZHK_oxQ-17weJFeUxxTg3i6r21pKM4GQRn44SiQjFxmJvXQbEz9TKtNjHkJb0klO364RnXYX3tWvfVzSVyJgd685Jhcw6o2HQMxfjEAfc1joclpYopBZ99QzsLZCGY7bK_W1glZoLwPlyL4RI2WupZRTjZgdWdjroKew9TAl7NJ2httSd-sJgPfYNKY9usakIoa8H8gr4OC2x3L4zPB5w5RYLck7UCoqd1sEKI3BA6TGjKBIW9_oUR&amp;smid=url-share\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the commentary brought up these ideas<\/a>. I did write&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/eamusic.dartmouth.edu\/~larry\/algoCompClass\/readings\/george%20lewis\/lewis.too_many_notes.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">an article in 2000<\/a>&nbsp;characterizing&nbsp;<em>Voyager<\/em>&nbsp;as a way of computer music-making embodying African-American aesthetics and musical practices. This was at a time when computer music was invariably characterized as exclusively white, so that was an early intervention. Later, some commentators, like&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/press.uchicago.edu\/ucp\/books\/book\/chicago\/S\/bo168920808.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Paul Steinbeck<\/a>, have perceptively noted the influence of AACM multi-instrumentalism on&nbsp;<em>Voyager<\/em>, as well as on my earlier computer music, such as&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/carrierrecords.bandcamp.com\/album\/rainbow-family\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rainbow Family<\/a>. But when you speak of \u201cadvances in technology since those earlier works,\u201d I\u2019ve actually been a part of that, with new initiatives in real-time recognition and classification, such as my&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=AiveFGVSWSU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Forager project<\/a>&nbsp;with&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rncm.ac.uk\/research\/research-centres-rncm\/prism\/prism-blog\/george-lewis-voyaging-towards-forager\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">PriSM<\/a>. But I\u2019m not expecting a call from Google anytime soon.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_V9dBXjJC-PI\"><div id=\"lyte_V9dBXjJC-PI\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/V9dBXjJC-PI\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/V9dBXjJC-PI\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/V9dBXjJC-PI\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_AiveFGVSWSU\"><div id=\"lyte_AiveFGVSWSU\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/AiveFGVSWSU\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/AiveFGVSWSU\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/AiveFGVSWSU\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: <em>Composing While Black <\/em>discusses the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nypl.org\/research\/research-catalog\/bib\/b19662771?originalUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fcatalog.nypl.org%2Frecord%3Db19662771#:~:text=The%20Society%20for%20Black%20Composers,Recognition%20week%20in%20January%201968.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Society of Black Composers<\/a>,&nbsp;which operated in New York from 1968 to 1973. The AACM was formed three years earlier than the Society of Black Composers and you joined in 1971. Do you see any parallels between the Society of Black Composers and the AACM?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: The section on the Society of Black Composers in&nbsp;<em>Composing While Black<\/em>&nbsp;draws on Harald Kisiedu\u2019s research. For Harald, the Society\u2019s mission was \u201cto highlight the music of Black contemporary composers through concerts, symposia, and lectures in which the members\u2019 compositions were performed.\u201d That\u2019s very similar to the AACM\u2019s set of purposes, which I quoted in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/press.uchicago.edu\/ucp\/books\/book\/chicago\/P\/bo5504497.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">my 2008 book on the organization<\/a>&#8211;\u201ccreating an atmosphere conducive to artistic endeavors for the artistically inclined by maintaining a workshop for the express purpose of bringing talented musicians together&#8230;To stimulate spiritual growth in creative artists through recitals, concerts, etc.\u201d Both groups emphasized diversity. For the Society, \u201ca common vocabulary or grammar is not even desirable.\u201d Lester Bowie said that in the AACM, \u201cyou don\u2019t have any particular dogma forced on you.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: And does the continued existence of the AACM speak to the fact that society is seemingly more comfortable with Black music than can be labeled as \u201cjazz\u201d compared to \u201cclassical\u201d music?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: I did say&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/07\/03\/arts\/music\/black-composers-classical-music.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">in a New York Times article<\/a>&nbsp;that the work of Black composers is more often heard if they are working in forms said to exemplify \u201cthe Black experience\u201d: jazz, blues, rap, etc.\u201d But the reasons why organizations come and go aren\u2019t always related to genre. In fact, your question seems to point to what I feel to be a very unhealthy obsession with genre that still prevails in the field of music.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_bvro60GgWkQ\"><div id=\"lyte_bvro60GgWkQ\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/bvro60GgWkQ\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/bvro60GgWkQ\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/bvro60GgWkQ\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: <em>Hearing Voices<\/em> will include three pieces &#8211; \u2018a whispered nine\u2019, \u2018Apis\u2019, and \u2018H.narrans\u2019 &#8211; which will incorporate texts by Fred Moten, Lyn Hejinian, and Sylvia Wynter, respectively. You use the work of all three writers as part of your ongoing exploration of how decolonization might sound. Do you see genre itself as a result of the colonization of sound and something that should be eliminated as part of decolonization?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: In music, genre, kinship and race often co-present in ways that cry out for decolonization. I borrow from Sara Ahmed in seeing genre as a technology of kinship. In the contemporary visual arts, scholarship and criticism most often focus on practices and historical periods rather than genres (for example, landscape painting is a genre, but \u201cpainting\u201d is a practice). In music, genres all too often function as institutionalizations of kinship-like discourses. As these become naturalized by institutions, fields and critical discourses, their racial metonymics also become embedded. While one often hears that genre-based explanatories bring people together, or render a work more transparent and intelligible, I find that excessive reliance on genre-based framings risks leaving us both blind and deaf to other, more salient modes of meaning.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: When composing using text, what is your process? Do you preselect textual components and then create music to work with it or do you create the music and find text later?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: The text always comes first\u2014one of the many useful things I\u2019ve learned from&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/semensemble.org\/about\/petr-kotik\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Petr Kotik<\/a>, who helped me to create&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/musicologynow.org\/the-sound-of-empathy-in-george-lewiss-afterword\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">my first opera<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newfocusrecordings.com\/catalogue\/george-lewis-international-contemporary-ensemble-afterword-an-opera-in-two-acts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Afterword<\/em><\/a><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: Do you see a connection between the written word and music or are they two distinct things being combined in these pieces?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: The music\/language connection is a huge clich\u00e9 with a grain of truth buried within. But I try to retain and relate to the music embedded in the texts. I try not to disturb the prosody and the syntax, for example. I also like the words to be intelligible. This is old-fashioned thinking that has become new again.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-vimeo wp-block-embed-vimeo wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"George Lewis - Creative Construction SetTM [2015] | International Contemporary Ensemble\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/783418916?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: <em>Hearing Voices <\/em>will conclude with a performance of \u2018<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/mikroton.bandcamp.com\/album\/creative-construction-set\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Creative Construction Set<\/strong><\/a><strong>\u2122\u2019, which uses a set of instruction cards to create and explore sonic environments. What was your process for creating these cards?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: CCS<em>\u2122<\/em>&nbsp;is one of a series of relational works that deal with what I call \u201csituational form.\u201d Those include&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/glasgowimprovisersorchestra.bandcamp.com\/album\/artificial-life-2007\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Artificial Life 2007<\/em><\/a>&nbsp;(2007), and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=7yjI0SYO4iA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>P. Multitudinis<\/em><\/a><em>&nbsp;<\/em>(2018). They don\u2019t need centralizing conductors; performers interact with and signal each other. New materials are brought in according to what is going on at the moment, rather than going for explicit production of contrast, which generally is overrated. There is always lots of contrast going on\u2014no need to fake it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The cards present primitives: louder, softer, faster, slower, denser, sparse, stop, go, wait, relate\u2014all basic stuff that people do anyway. The difference is that an individual player can use the cards to quickly and relatively precisely suggest that to others, rather than just being on their own<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: One card that you did not create, however, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.musicworks.ca\/featured-article\/creative-constructions-george-lewis\" title=\"\">is to end the piece.&nbsp;<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: Actually, the END? card is part of the original set. This is the only moment in the piece where the members of the ensemble take a vote on whether they should begin to work toward an ending. One or more performers get the idea that the piece should end, and use this card to suggest that publicly to their colleagues. The audience can also see the cards, and perhaps some of them were thinking the same thing. It\u2019s a way to bring audience and musicians together.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: The musicians find the proper ending on their own.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: They do that in any case.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: Have you found the performances ever turn unruly in length as there is no direction to an end?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: In any social space, there is a risk that an interaction goes on too long or not long enough. Music isn\u2019t any different in that regard, and in my work, \u201cunruly\u201d is the way to go anyway. But groups of people create conclusions to their interactions all the time&#8211;&#8220;Well, I\u2019ll let you go now\u2026but before you go, let me ask you this.\u201d In fact, the musicians are doing this using sounds. But all kinds of people, not just musicians, can read desire and intention in sound.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-vimeo wp-block-embed-vimeo wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/vimeo.com\/705715887\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: \u2018Creative Construction Set\u2122\u2019 reflects <a href=\"https:\/\/www.musicworks.ca\/featured-article\/creative-constructions-george-lewis\" title=\"\">your interest in finding new ways to incorporate improvisation in a precomposed work<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: Not really, no. That\u2019s not a major preoccupation of mine these days. Also,&nbsp;<em>Creative Construction Set\u2122<\/em>&nbsp;&nbsp;isn\u2019t a \u201cwork.\u201d It\u2019s a set of tools that help the improvisors to act in concert in specific ways. Using the cards, any musician in the group can ask the entire group or any subset to make silences, get louder or softer, play higher or lower, denser or sparser, or even stop playing altogether. Without a tool like this, there are limits to what you as an individual musician in an ensemble can do to realize group orchestrational ideas that you suddenly think of. I guess you can wave your hands or look intently at someone and hope that they get the message. But the cards give everyone a tool with which they can improvise more complex situations than they could by just acting alone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are no cards that mandate the performance of specific material. Basically, everyone is improvising throughout the piece, but they have an additional tool that allows them to improvise with more complex social behaviors. In fact, you could use the cards anywhere, not just in a performance of CCS<em>\u2122<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: Some composers seem to avoid the term \u201cimprovisation\u201d in favor of things like \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/live-composing-vijay-iyer\/\" title=\"\">live composing<\/a>\u201d that they feel better reflect their work. Do you see a significant difference between improvisation and precomposition?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: Well, the main difference is in when structuration occurs, not whether it occurs. More centrally, any improvisation, including our everyday efforts beyond the aesthetic, takes place within a matrix of indeterminacy, agency, analysis, judgment, and choice. Composers who specify as much as possible in advance and don\u2019t make a space for improvisation in their compositions (the kind of work I often do) are still subject to those conditions as they create. So even composers are improvising, and when we do these five things, whether or not we are even doing music, we are improvising. You can even say that if one of those elements is absent, what they are doing isn\u2019t improvised.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: The title of \u2018Creative Construction Set \u2122\u2019 honors the AACM. You were not only a member of the AACM &#8212;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: I\u2019m still a member.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG:<\/strong> <strong>&#8212; you also wrote \u2018A Power Stronger Than Itself: The AACM and American Experimental Music,\u2019 which many consider a definitive text on the subject.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: Well, there are others. Paul Steinbeck\u2019s&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/press.uchicago.edu\/ucp\/books\/book\/chicago\/M\/bo25125876.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Message To Our Folks<\/em><\/a>&nbsp;about the Art Ensemble of Chicago, and Alexandre Pierrepont\u2019s&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/academiccommons.columbia.edu\/doi\/10.7916\/cbsr-ej13\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>La Nu\u00e9e, L&#8217;AACM: Un jeu de soci\u00e9t\u00e9 musicale<\/em><\/a>\u2014both powerful books. The AACM is too diverse for anyone to be able to write anything \u201cdefinitive.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_c5CTjuCYOTw\"><div id=\"lyte_c5CTjuCYOTw\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/c5CTjuCYOTw\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/c5CTjuCYOTw\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/c5CTjuCYOTw\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: Do you feel that researching and writing about the AACM gave you a different perspective on the organization than you had as a member?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: Let\u2019s hope so. I met members whom I hadn\u2019t worked with musically, as well as supporters and audience members. Of course, I learned lots of things I didn\u2019t know, not only about the AACM but about the world in which it came to be and will inhabit in the future. Reading the book also provided new perspectives to the membership. I mainly wrote it for them, after all\u2014particularly the younger members, so they could experience that historical grounding.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: You studied also composition with Muhal Richard Abrams. What do you feel you learned the most from him?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: The main thing Muhal taught everyone was how to be what he called an \u201cindividual.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PG: How can that be heard in the works you are presenting for <em>Hearing Voices<\/em>?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>GL: Now that would really be needlessly granular. My music reflects everything I\u2019ve experienced. Singling one person out, even Muhal, would be a slight to all the others. People in the AACM said, Listen to everything. I\u2019ve tried to do that.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>The International Contemporary Ensemble, under the Artistic Direction of George Lewis, will present George Lewis: Hearing Voices at Roulette<\/em> <em>Intermedium on Thursday, October 5, 2023 at 8:00 PM. More information on the event, including how to purchase tickets, can be found<a href=\"https:\/\/roulette.org\/event\/george-lewis-hearing-voices\/\" title=\"\"> on Roulette&#8217;s website.<\/a> <strong><em>The evening can also be<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/live\/Hy2bf6ahUJo?feature=shared\"> livestreamed, for free, on Youtube and archived for future viewing.<\/a><\/em><\/strong>  You can learn more about Lewis<\/em><\/strong> <strong><em>from <a href=\"https:\/\/music.columbia.edu\/bios\/george-e-lewis\" title=\"\">Columbia University&#8217;s bio of him. <\/a>Additionally, more information is available on the International Contemporary Ensemble <a href=\"https:\/\/iceorg.org\/\" title=\"\">on its website. <\/a><\/em><\/strong><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Photo credit: Maurice Weiss<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>While many organizations present contemporary classical music, the International Contemporary Ensemble has stood out since its founding twenty-two years ago. The Ensemble\u2019s success has come largely due to its stated goal of cultivating a musical ecosystem that honors diversity while focusing on equity, belonging, and cultural responsiveness. The organization\u2019s openness and consideration of all musical [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":6970,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"iawp_total_views":230,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[582],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6962","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-interviews"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/original-B46D3891-8586-4781-842B-918E7E0C2C88.jpeg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/peRkRR-1Oi","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":7796,"url":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/kahil-el-zabar-ethnic-heritage-ensemble-at-fifty\/","url_meta":{"origin":6962,"position":0},"title":"&#8220;If You&#8217;re Not Still Learning, You&#8217;re Still&#8221;: A Conversation with Kahil El&#8217;Zabar on the Ethnic Heritage Ensemble at Fifty","author":"Rob Shepherd","date":"February 8, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Canadian journalist Graydon Carter once noted, \"We admire elephants in part because they demonstrate what we consider the finest human traits: empathy, self-awareness, and social intelligence. \u201d Given these attributes, the mastodon descendant is an apt symbol for Kahil El'Zabar's Ethnic Heritage Ensemble. The trio's original inspiration comes from the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Interviews&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Interviews","link":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/category\/interviews\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Ethnic-Heritage-Ensemble_50th-Anniversary-Rec-_%40Christopher-Andrew-Stoptime-Live_CAR50106-1.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Ethnic-Heritage-Ensemble_50th-Anniversary-Rec-_%40Christopher-Andrew-Stoptime-Live_CAR50106-1.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Ethnic-Heritage-Ensemble_50th-Anniversary-Rec-_%40Christopher-Andrew-Stoptime-Live_CAR50106-1.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Ethnic-Heritage-Ensemble_50th-Anniversary-Rec-_%40Christopher-Andrew-Stoptime-Live_CAR50106-1.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6267,"url":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/jbl-newport-jazz-2023\/","url_meta":{"origin":6962,"position":1},"title":"Even the Sparrow: James Brandon Lewis Previews his 2023 Newport Jazz Festival Performance","author":"Rob Shepherd","date":"July 24, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Ingrained in jazz, hip hop, punk, gospel, and R&B, tenor saxophonist James Brandon Lewis has discovered a unique way to give equal footing to concepts many would categorically divide. His broad perspective is largely based on his concept of molecular systematic music (MSM). The current subject of Lewis\u2019 doctoral studies,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Interviews&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Interviews","link":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/category\/interviews\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/19-DSC09122s-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/19-DSC09122s-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/19-DSC09122s-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/19-DSC09122s-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/19-DSC09122s-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":352,"url":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/review-george-burtons-reciprocity\/","url_meta":{"origin":6962,"position":2},"title":"Review: George Burton&#8217;s &#8216;Reciprocity&#8217;","author":"Rob Shepherd","date":"February 23, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Ralph Waldo Emerson once noted that \u201cto be yourself in a world that is constantly trying to make you something else is the greatest accomplishment.\u201d Whether one's expectations on another person, of an artist\u2019s output as a certain type, or one\u2019s inflated self-perception, far too often images are depicted and\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Album Reviews&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Album Reviews","link":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/category\/reviews\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"George Burton","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/AZSXAZFARVE6PB6BB7EVHAPCNI.jpg?fit=1200%2C799&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/AZSXAZFARVE6PB6BB7EVHAPCNI.jpg?fit=1200%2C799&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/AZSXAZFARVE6PB6BB7EVHAPCNI.jpg?fit=1200%2C799&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/AZSXAZFARVE6PB6BB7EVHAPCNI.jpg?fit=1200%2C799&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/AZSXAZFARVE6PB6BB7EVHAPCNI.jpg?fit=1200%2C799&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":7350,"url":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/best-2023\/","url_meta":{"origin":6962,"position":3},"title":"PostGenre&#8217;s Best of 2023","author":"PostGenre Writing Staff","date":"December 27, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Below are the albums we collectively felt were the best of 2023 (technically from Thanksgiving 2022 to Thanksgiving 2023). Ties are ordered alphabetically by the leader\u2019s last name. Following the list are honorable mentions; recordings multiple members of our small group thought worthy of merit but did not make the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Best of Lists&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Best of Lists","link":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/category\/lists-2\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/original-4AA5FD17-5CE0-4D46-9496-99CA70683F50.jpeg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/original-4AA5FD17-5CE0-4D46-9496-99CA70683F50.jpeg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/original-4AA5FD17-5CE0-4D46-9496-99CA70683F50.jpeg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/original-4AA5FD17-5CE0-4D46-9496-99CA70683F50.jpeg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6779,"url":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/lehman-ex-machina\/","url_meta":{"origin":6962,"position":4},"title":"Arcus Pluvius: A Conversation with Steve Lehman on Big Bands, Artificial Intelligence, and &#8216;Ex Machina&#8217;","author":"Rob Shepherd","date":"September 11, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Artificial Intelligence (AI) is going to kill us all. Or, at least, that is what some theorize. Many commentators portray the emergence of AI as inevitably leading to some technological dystopia where a master computer controls everyone and everything. 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