{"id":8552,"date":"2024-06-01T08:59:40","date_gmt":"2024-06-01T13:59:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/?p=8552"},"modified":"2024-11-13T16:42:52","modified_gmt":"2024-11-13T22:42:52","slug":"physical-expression-steph-richards","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/physical-expression-steph-richards\/","title":{"rendered":"Physical Expression: A Conversation with Steph Richards on &#8216;Power Vibe&#8217;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"\">Far too often, people perceive music as a solely auditory experience, something heard but which does not affect the rest of the listener&#8217;s body. The reality, however, is far more complex. One can physically feel the energy of acoustic waves. It is a large part of why the audibly impaired still appreciate music, even when they cannot technically hear it. Musical vibrations also have significant psychological and physiological benefits as well. Listening to music releases neurotransmitters and hormones that can trigger emotional reactions and memories. Musical therapy has built upon this base to provide relief to those suffering from anxiety, depression, Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson&#8217;s Disease, dementia, and more. Despite all this, many generally understate the physical aspects of music. Seldom outside musical therapy are such elements discussed. Trumpeter Steph Richards, as most recently seen on <em>Power Vibe<\/em> (Northern Spy, 2024), has been attempting to change that.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">Sharing its name with a platform that applies high-speed vibrations to parts of the body to allow chiropractors to pinpoint sources of pain, <em>Power Vibe<\/em> is an album built around sensory electronics. These electronics, controlled by Max Jaffe, are triggered not by other sounds but by physical movement. They are subtle additions to the otherwise quartet ensemble &#8211; Richards with pianist Joshua White, bassist Stomu Takeishi, and drummer Gerald Cleaver &#8211; but viscerally move the record to somewhere beyond merely something you can hear. Throughout <em>Power Vibe<\/em>, one perceives they are experiencing something more than just a listening opportunity. The recording is consistently keeping the listener in motion. Hence, the urgent title track gives the listener the sensation of being thrown around the room. &#8220;Reculez&#8221; is much more subtle but feels like you are on a steadily rocking transport passing through changing terrain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">Richards has a unique take on the intersection between the audible and the physical, partly because of her own bodily struggles to make music. Health issues caused muscular freezing, requiring her to relearn how to play her instrument in ways that would not use the damaged muscles. However, her interest in the interdisciplinary explorations of the sensory elements of music predates such setbacks. Richards&#8217; <em>SUPERSENSE<\/em> (Northern Spy, 2020), honed in on the connection between smell and sound. Her duo record with White, <em>Zephyr<\/em> (Relative Pitch, 2021), examined the relationship between visually observing water movement and hearing sound. The boldness of Richards&#8217; expansive scope has made her not only a composer to watch but also a go to collaborator for many greats of improvised music, including Butch Morris, Henry Threadgill, Muhal Richard Abrams, Anthony Braxton, Roscoe Mitchell, and John Zorn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>PostGenre: Before this interview, you mentioned you were researching something about [Miles&nbsp;Davis\u2019]&nbsp;<em>Bitches Brew&nbsp;<\/em>(Columbia, 1970).&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">Steph Richards: Yeah, I teach a class on electric Miles. I wanted to dig into his whole electric period. My&nbsp;next&nbsp;lecture is on&nbsp;<em>Bitches Brew<\/em>, so I was digging deep into the editing space for the record. It was so rad that Miles was into&nbsp;the idea of&nbsp;recording an almost free-flowing super-long session and remaking it into something else. It is something that many musicians do now, but&nbsp;it&#8217;s&nbsp;so cool to nerd out on the&nbsp;record&#8217;s&nbsp;actual timings and production aspects.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_e2VFBdauTAc\"><div id=\"lyte_e2VFBdauTAc\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/e2VFBdauTAc\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/e2VFBdauTAc\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/e2VFBdauTAc\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>PG:&nbsp;<em>Bitches Brew&nbsp;<\/em>used things like cutting pieces of recorded music and then rearranging them to create new sounds. In a somewhat similar vein, with&nbsp;<em>Power Vibe<\/em>, you are incorporating electronics into your music. What inspired you to add electronics to the recording?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">SR:&nbsp;Well,&nbsp;I had been touring the music with the drummer Max Jaffe.&nbsp;On tour, we used his sensory setup out of creative exploration. I&nbsp; recorded the record a few years ago when we were touring. Our last tour was last fall, and we traveled all over Europe. And using his sensory electronics on that tour made me start to hear the music&nbsp;in&nbsp;that way. So when I went in to do the final master of the record, I walked it back and decided we needed to add the electronics. I think my ears had already moved forward. So, Max&nbsp;added&nbsp;electronics. And me and the producer, Andrew Munsey, both dug in, ripped apart everything Max gave us, and reintroduced it.&nbsp;Much&nbsp;like Teo Macero, actually.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">And Max is so&nbsp;cool.&nbsp;He&#8217;s&nbsp;such a beautiful musician.&nbsp;He&#8217;s&nbsp;so generous and open to making it work. And we went to town. We greatly wanted to keep the electronics subtle.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>PG: So, did you always intend for the electronics to be more subtle and not so overt?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">SR:&nbsp;My initial impulse was&nbsp;to make the album more like a hyper-pulse dance-focused record. I initially tried it out as being hyper-overt.&nbsp;Almost&nbsp;too much. I kept telling Max to give me more.&nbsp;Asking&nbsp;him to&nbsp;give me&nbsp;two grooves on&nbsp;top of&nbsp;each&nbsp;other,&nbsp;in different time signatures.&nbsp;I was very interested in the hypercomplexity of&nbsp;pulse. But, over time, the electronics became more and more  subtle, and we ended up reining them in for the final version.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_pR3u_Z2PD_U\"><div id=\"lyte_pR3u_Z2PD_U\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/pR3u_Z2PD_U\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/pR3u_Z2PD_U\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/pR3u_Z2PD_U\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>PG: Do you see a connection between these sensory electronics and&nbsp;<em>SUPERSENSE<\/em>&nbsp;(Northern Spy, 2020), where you explored the relationship between smell and sound?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">SR: For sure.&nbsp;I&#8217;m&nbsp;more interested in the body and how we hear with our skin than anything else. Music&nbsp;isn&#8217;t&nbsp;simply aural but also felt. It is a vibration&nbsp;that&#8217;s&nbsp;felt.&nbsp;I&#8217;m&nbsp;very interested in the physical experience of music and the physical expression of it.&nbsp;That is why&nbsp;I was very interested in working with Max on this sensory setup. The electronics get triggered by physical movement, not sound.&nbsp;It&#8217;s&nbsp;not aural-based because I think&nbsp;you&#8217;re&nbsp;missing half of the formula when&nbsp;you&#8217;re&nbsp;only working with aural material.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>PG: But in terms of the aural part, the band on&nbsp;<em>Power Vibe<\/em>&nbsp;moves around based on sonic cues.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">SR: Yeah, we did. We also used some visual cues in the session. But yeah,&nbsp;it&#8217;s&nbsp;mostly sonic.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>PG: How did you develop those cues?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">SR: Well, I worked a lot with Butch Morris before he passed away.&nbsp;This&nbsp;is going to be a bit of a stretch to try to link the dots, but&nbsp;Butch\u2019s&nbsp;whole approach was real-time construction using physical gestures. I wanted&nbsp;to try&nbsp;to create that same sense of possibility with aural cues. With those cues, there were so many different directions we could go. Everyone in the band was&nbsp;at liberty&nbsp;to move and direct things to where they heard them. And I think that openness changes the vibe by creating a personal stake in leadership for everyone in the band.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_lFdHksQedA8\"><div id=\"lyte_lFdHksQedA8\" data-src=\"\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/lFdHksQedA8\/hqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/lFdHksQedA8\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/lFdHksQedA8\/0.jpg?resize=420%2C295&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">I think approaching music with cues in that way can lead to some&nbsp;very interesting&nbsp;directions.&nbsp;Even in the studio, we had some charts, some of which were composed&nbsp;in a very linear way, where it starts&nbsp;at the top of the page and&nbsp;ends&nbsp;at the bottom.&nbsp;But I always tried to push against that and find ways to make it as non-linear as possible while&nbsp;still&nbsp;maintaining the&nbsp;composition\u2019s&nbsp;structure. I wanted to see where it could go if we rip out the linear aspect. And&nbsp;that\u2019s&nbsp;where the aural cues came into play.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">Using the cues is also super fun. When we play live, we never have a setlist. We&nbsp;just&nbsp;start&nbsp;playing, which means we really could go anywhere. We can play several tunes against each other at the same time.And maybe then someone gives an aural cue when someone else&nbsp;doesn&#8217;t&nbsp;want to go there.&nbsp;That&#8217;s&nbsp;OK&nbsp;too. We can be in two different places at once.&nbsp;It\u2019s&nbsp;very&nbsp;nice. But it also means you need some beautiful players&nbsp;who are&nbsp;willing to jump in. I will credit all the players on the album as being very beautiful.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>PG: So, you took Butch&nbsp;Morris\u2019&nbsp;conduction as an inspiration for the use of cues?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">SR: Yeah, for sure.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>PG:\u00a0It is interesting that\u00a0you worked with Morris towards the end of his career. <a href=\"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/brandon-ross-phantom-station\/\" title=\"\">Brandon Ross, who was in the first conduction, has indicated that, over time, conduction became very detailed and\u00a0very\u00a0specific.<\/a> But it seems what you are doing is not as structured.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">SR: Well,\u00a0that&#8217;s\u00a0interesting\u00a0Brandon\u00a0would say that.\u00a0I&#8217;ve\u00a0known Brandon for a long time. I met Brandon through Butch, actually. But I think what I am doing is just different from what Butch did.\u00a0I think\u00a0we&#8217;re\u00a0both trying to tap into that\u00a0same\u00a0space of possibility and interdependence but doing so in\u00a0different\u00a0ways.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">In some ways, my approach was more structured because the notated materials were&nbsp;very specific, either rhythmically, melodically, or harmonically compared to&nbsp;Butch\u2019s&nbsp;work which had less of those notated specifics. But in another way, Butch wanted to call every single shot. I prefer leadership to be more fluid.&nbsp;I&#8217;m&nbsp;happy to be upfront and push things when I hear them, but&nbsp;I&#8217;m&nbsp;also&nbsp;totally&nbsp;excited when other people take things in another direction.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"120\" style=\"position: relative; display: block; width: 100%; height: 120px;\" src=\"\/\/bandcamp.com\/EmbeddedPlayer\/v=2\/album=601196525\/size=large\/bgcol=ffffff\/linkcol=0687f5\/tracklist=false\/artwork=small\/\" allowtransparency=\"true\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"120\" style=\"position: relative; display: block; width: 100%; height: 120px;\" src=\"\/\/bandcamp.com\/EmbeddedPlayer\/v=2\/album=1283504063\/size=large\/bgcol=ffffff\/linkcol=0687f5\/tracklist=false\/artwork=small\/\" allowtransparency=\"true\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>PG: You have worked with [Anthony] Braxton and [Henry] Threadgill. Both are incredible composers. Do you feel&nbsp;you&#8217;ve&nbsp;picked up anything from those experiences in terms of shaping your&nbsp;own&nbsp;writing?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">SR: Yeah. For one thing, the impetus driving their ideas is a constant push for revelation. My&nbsp;experience working with&nbsp;both of&nbsp;them has been that they make you peel away all of your exterior habits and assumptions to become much more exposed and raw. They do that in both the ways that they compose and how they lead their projects.&nbsp;Threadgill\u2019s&nbsp;music is hyper-complex and&nbsp;doesn&#8217;t&nbsp;leave much space to explore. I think the fact&nbsp;you&#8217;re&nbsp;just trying to get by and through all that complexity exposes something real.&nbsp;Both Threadgill and Braxton have had massive influences on me,&nbsp;not only&nbsp;compositionally,&nbsp;but also&nbsp;as spiritually beautiful humans.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>PG: To throw out the name of another great composer out there, you dedicated&nbsp;\u201cPower Vibe\u201d&nbsp;to Wayne Shorter. You&nbsp;didn\u2019t&nbsp;work with him, correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">SR: Oh,&nbsp;that&#8217;s&nbsp;so funny. Yeah, I&nbsp;didn&#8217;t&nbsp;work with him. But I love Wayne Shorter. I&nbsp;didn\u2019t&nbsp;know him personally, but the biggest thing is a piece of his called&nbsp;\u201cBeyond the Sound Barrier,\u201d&nbsp;which is on his live recording of the same name (Verve, 2005). Part of the structure of&nbsp;\u201cPower Vibe\u201d&nbsp;came from his piece. Wayne passed away not long before we recorded, and I thought it would be great to honor him and recognize all&nbsp;he&#8217;s&nbsp;given me through his music.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"120\" style=\"position: relative; display: block; width: 100%; height: 120px;\" src=\"\/\/bandcamp.com\/EmbeddedPlayer\/v=2\/track=3393270684\/album=592371331\/size=large\/bgcol=ffffff\/linkcol=0687f5\/tracklist=false\/artwork=small\/\" allowtransparency=\"true\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>PG: You also included a live version of&nbsp;\u201cSupersense\u201d&nbsp;on the album. What was behind the choice to add that piece?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">SR: So, the core of that track is a [Igor] Stravinsky piece. He wrote several piano pieces that are very simple explorations of bitonality but very beautiful.&nbsp;That track was recorded&nbsp;at a great gig we played over in Italy. I wanted to dedicate a part of the album to having Max play [drum] set. And I thought the track was&nbsp;very beautiful.&nbsp;There&#8217;s&nbsp;a big chunk of that track where&nbsp;we&#8217;re&nbsp;moving between some of the cues from Supersense, which can cue different rhythmic grooves and tempos. But then&nbsp;we&#8217;re&nbsp;also adding very lullabyesque elements from Stravinsky in there.&nbsp;It\u2019s&nbsp;incredible.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>PG: One thing that we should probably also mention is that you had to change your approach to the trumpet for this recording due to your muscular collapse and hints of potential focal dystonia, a neurological condition that causes muscular freezing. Was it difficult to adapt?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"\">SR:&nbsp;Yeah,&nbsp;I had&nbsp;to&nbsp;fully&nbsp;relearn and play with my new face.&nbsp;I needed to redo everything I was used to before. It took a long time. And my diagnosis was&nbsp;completely&nbsp;top secret. I&nbsp;didn&#8217;t&nbsp;talk about it. No one else knew because I was so terrified. I played on my old face as best as&nbsp;I could&nbsp;for all my public gigs. And then, in the shed, very quietly and secretly, I would figure out how to remake my face and play with different parts&nbsp;of it&nbsp;to find a better and&nbsp;stronger&nbsp;way to play. At the time, it was all terrifying. What I love when I listen to this record is that I can hear that&nbsp;I&#8217;m&nbsp;relishing in&nbsp;all of&nbsp;these more physical techniques. Things&nbsp;like lip trills. I can&nbsp;hear&nbsp;my joy of&nbsp;being able to play&nbsp;those things without pain. The music can always find a way through pain and change.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>&#8216;Power Vibe&#8217; is out now on Northern Spy Records. It can be purchased on <a href=\"https:\/\/stephrichards.bandcamp.com\/album\/power-vibe-2\" title=\"\">Bandcamp.<\/a> More information on Steph Richards can be found <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stephrichards.com\/\" title=\"\">on her website. <\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">Photo credit: Sirius Pakzad<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Far too often, people perceive music as a solely auditory experience, something heard but which does not affect the rest of the listener&#8217;s body. The reality, however, is far more complex. One can physically feel the energy of acoustic waves. It is a large part of why the audibly impaired still appreciate music, even when [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8553,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"iawp_total_views":67,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[582],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8552","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-interviews"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/SFR_Ssirus_Pakzhad_BW1.jpg?fit=1020%2C680&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/peRkRR-2dW","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":11552,"url":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/review-mark-turner-autobiography\/","url_meta":{"origin":8552,"position":0},"title":"Review: Mark Turner&#8217;s &#8216;Reflections on: The Auto-Biography of an Ex-Colored Man&#8217;","author":"Jim Hynes","date":"November 12, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"A more cerebral artist, saxophonist and composer Mark Turner, never makes it too easy for the listener. However, he may have reached his zenith with Reflections on: The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man (Giant Step Arts, 2025), a work that combines verbal narrative and music. As its title suggests, the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Album Reviews&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Album Reviews","link":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/category\/reviews\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/unnamed-2.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/unnamed-2.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/unnamed-2.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/unnamed-2.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5113,"url":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/vibrational-miracle-rudolph-i\/","url_meta":{"origin":8552,"position":1},"title":"Vibrational Miracle: A Conversation with Adam Rudolph (Part One)","author":"Rob Shepherd","date":"October 1, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Western musical notation dates back to at least the year 1025 when Benedictine monk Guido of Arezzo formed hexachords out of varied pitches. Over the following millennia, the system became more refined and ultimately developed into what one sees on most sheet music today. 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According to Kelefa Sanneh, author of Major Labels: A History of Popular Music in Seven Genres (Penguin, 2021), \"Devotion to a sound is essentially about community and belonging.\"\u00a0 In this sense, one can see\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Interviews&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Interviews","link":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/category\/interviews\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/480835746_1178585677604301_2272992803175161058_n.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/480835746_1178585677604301_2272992803175161058_n.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/480835746_1178585677604301_2272992803175161058_n.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/480835746_1178585677604301_2272992803175161058_n.jpg?fit=750%2C500&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8552","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8552"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8552\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9830,"href":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8552\/revisions\/9830"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8553"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8552"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8552"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/postgenre.org\/staging\/4567\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8552"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}